Procedures for communicating health and safety

Procedures for communicating health and safety SYSTEMS, POLICIES AND PROCEDURES FOR COMMUNICATING HEALTH AND SAFETY It is important for organisations to understand how to administer health and safety for social care workers in health and social care workplace in accordance to legislative requirements. It is vital for all clients and carers cooperate to categorise health and safety risks and identify the best means to manage them. Usual changes in health and social care work environments include: health and safety, and it is best to respond to these usual changes which can influence workplace practises. Communication is vital in ensuring the safety or users and staffs. Every worker must the risks faced and prevention methods put in place and any emergency action plans. This information must be provided in concise and non-technical terms for easy understanding. Good communication between workers and employers includes: Itemisation of all hazardous substances used or produced within the workplace. Having a readily available Safety Data Sheets for any confidential hazardous substances in use. Converting any useful information from Safety Data Sheets into workplace information that provides specific instructions on handling substances that are in constant use. Ensuring proper labelling of hazardous substances, with hazard warnings for physical and health hazards. Communicating the outcome of risk assessments. Regular enquiries from workers about probable health and safety issues. Providing workers with all applicable instructions, lessons and training on the hazardous substances available in the place of work, and the safety measures they should take to guard themselves and other staffs. Making sure that every worker has the knowledge of appropriate usage of every control measures provided, who problems should be reported to, and what should be done in the occurrence of a mishap concerning hazardous substances. Management Responsibilities of Health and Safety relating to Organisational Structures. Under section 2 of the Health and Safety at Work etc Act 1974, it is the obligation for an employer (host employer, contractor, and service provider) to ensure, so far as is reasonably viable, a healthy and safe workplace for themselves, their workers, including agency staff and subcontractors, and anyone else in the workplace. To meet up with these obligations, service providers must carry out a risk assessment in the care home, before service provision of any kind clients, to discover probable hazards and put suitable controls in place to reduce the threat of injury or illness for clients, carers and other employees. Figure 1 below outlines the five- step risk management process the risk assessment must follow. This assessment must be done in alliance with service users and their families and every other involved client. Developing client’s care plan must be done identifying suitable control measures. Management has certain responsibilities to employees working in the home environment and should: Communicate plainly and identify with what services are to be provided. Consider supplementary services before being performed. Evaluate any activity that may have altered to guarantee the controls are still working or need to be modified. Document on a daily basis the monitoring of the service using various methods especially where a particular client has various service providers or community workers. Managers should engage in the following to ensure quality control in areas of health and safety: Perform regular audits to guarantee effective controls are in use. Evaluate client’s condition and the work settings on a regular basis. Promote timely reporting of hazards, incidents and early symptoms. Check with with staff and follow-up on issues raised. Ensure suitable staffing by reviewing staffing levels. Providing visibly distinct job descriptions, procedures and policies. Ensuring required competencies of managers. Managing staffs exposure to occupational stress. Providing information to clients about expected behaviour and its effects to service provision. Evaluating organisational and performance management systems. Putting policies and procedures in place for controlling conflict and workplace harassment. Providing staff training and approach on dealing with workloads and handling conflicts and job rotation. Sustaining an unbiased relationship and proper boundaries with clients. Providing relevant therapy services for employees. Declining or transforming client services if in high risk environment. APPROPRIATE HEALTH AND SAFETY PRIORITIES FOR SPECIFIC HEALTH AND SOCIAL CARE WORKPLACE SETTING Employers have a common obligation under section 2 of the Health and Safety at Work etc Act 1974 to guarantee, so far as is logically practical, the health, safety and welfare of their workforce. These policies intend to make certain that work settings meet the health, safety and welfare desires of every employee, including individuals with disabilities. Most of the systems involve things to be ‘suitable’. Regulation 2(3) makes it clear that things should be suitable for anyone including those with disabilities. Where essential, parts of the work settings, including in particular doors, stairways, showers, passages, basins, sinks, toilets, bathrooms and workstations, should be made reachable for disabled persons. Health Ventilation Workplaces need to be effectively ventilated. Fresh, hygienic air should circulate and can be from a suitable source outside the work setting, unpolluted by discharges from any process outlets like chimneys and flues, and be disseminated through every room. Temperatures in indoor workplaces Individual preference complicates specification of a satisfactory thermal environment for everyone. For organisations with mainly desk activities like offices, the temperature should usually be no less than 16 Â °C. If the job involves physical effort it should be no less than 13 Â °C (unless other regulations require less temperature). Lighting Lighting should be adequate to permit people to work and move around in safety. If essential, local lighting should be supplied at certain workstations and areas of particular hazards such as passage way to the basement. Lighting and light fixtures should not cause any hazard. Automatic emergency lighting, motorized by an autonomous source, should be supplied in case of sudden loss of power that would generate a risk. Cleanliness and waste materials Every workplace and the furnishings, equipments, surfaces of floors, walls and ceilings and fittings must be in clean and hygienic condition. Cleaning and the taking away of waste have to be carried out by a compulsorily effective means. Waste must be stored in appropriate containers. Workstations and seating Workstations should be fit for the individuals using them for the job. Employees should be capable of exiting workstations quickly in an emergency. If work must be done in a sitting position, seats should be made suitable for those using them for the kind of work they do. Seating should provide sufficient support for the lower back, and footrests should be available for employees who are unable to place their feet flat on the floor. Safety Maintenance The workplace, and certain tools, devices and equipments should be properly retained in competent operational order for health, safety and welfare. Such protection is mandatory for mechanical ventilation systems; apparatus and devices which pose risk to health, safety or welfare in the event of faults; and equipment and devices proposed to avert or reduce danger. Floors and traffic routes The term ‘Traffic route’ is used for any route for pedestrian traffic and/or vehicles, and includes any fixed ladders, gateway, stairs, passage, and doorway, loading bay or ramp. There must be adequate traffic routes, of plenty distance across and headroom, to permit individuals and vehicles to flow effortlessly and safely. Windows Operable windows, ventilators and skylights must be able to open and close freely or adjusted safely. In an open position, windows should not be of any unwarranted risk to anyone. Ventilators should be designed so for safe cleaning. Doors and gates Doors and gates must be properly built and integrated with safety devices were appropriate. Swinging doors and gates and traditional hinged doors on central traffic ways should have a translucent viewing panel. Escalators and moving walkways Escalators and moving walkways should operate in safety, be fitted with the required safety devices. They must be equipped with emergency and panic controls that can be easily identified and are readily accessible. REFERENCES Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974 (Commencement No.1) Order 1974, 1974/1439, art.2(a)/ Sch.1

Americas Reaction to the Holocaust Essay -- Papers

America's Reaction to the Holocaust In the years of the Second World War, American leaders were aware of the plan of the Germans to exterminate all the Jews in Europe, yet they did not act to save them. The attitude in society and the state of the economy in the years leading up to the war made for conditions that did not make saving them likely. Most Germans despised the Weimar Republic, which held control of Germany at the time they signed the Versailles Treaty. This treaty crippled Germany after they lost The First Great War. The proud Germans saw this republic as weak. Adolph Hitler, an Austrian born man of German lineage, claimed that the only true Germans were Aryans and that the Jewish influence in the Weimar Republic was the reason for their weakness. He published a famous propaganda novel entitled Mein Kampf, which helped to catapult him and his political party, the National Socialist German Workers Party, into power. (Barber) Hitler's political position was simple: Germans were always right and the Jews were to blame for everything. After the outbreak of war by all the major powers of the world, Germany immediately turned a major part of their concern towards the extermination of the entire Jewish race. It began with the Einsatzgrupen, a special mobile unit of who moved behind frontline troops in the attacks on Russia and Poland, whose sole purpose was to round up the local Jewish families and kill them. They dug massive graves intended for entire Jewish communities. Their victims were lined up, stripped naked and shot. One reporter observed that not every shot was fatal and the poor civilians were made to suffer in the pits till they were sufficiently buried alive by their own brethren. The fir... ... on the fighting and paid no attention to the genocide happening in the camps in Poland. When the decision was finally made to bomb Auschwitz in 1945, it was because the camp was used as a production center of synthetic oil and rubber. Anti-Alien, anti-Semitic, and restrictionist attitudes were all factors that contributed to the United States' decision not to act in the face of such horrible murderous activity in Europe. All these factors combined with the American policy of neutrality and the weakened state of the economy made the US an unlikely source of salvation. Bibliography: Barber, John R. Modern European History. Harper Perennial. New York. 1993. pps. 277-281, 306-331 Wiesel, Elie. Night. Bantum Books. New York. 1960. Wyman, David S. The Abandonment of the Jews. Pantheon Books. New York. 1984. pps. 3-15, 285-307

McNally Andre’s Mother

Even coming from a Catholic background, Terrence McNally, a gay playwright, never felt that being a homosexual was wrong. He quotes, â€Å"It seemed very natural to me. I think something as natural as sexual attraction is not to be fought.† He goes on to say that he defined God on his own terms and that the one message he got from being in Catholic school was that we are all created equally in God’s image, therefore, he was going to be okay (Shulman). In 1988, McNally became one of the first writers to confront homosexuality in his short play titled Andre's Mother.Later, in 1997, he wrote â€Å"Corpus Christi,† which altered the story of Jesus Christ in a gay setting. This created controversy among the conservative, religious crowd but he did not give up there (Fulton). He went on to make a lasting impact on the lives of some people, making his plays become successful and highly populated in attendance. McNally treats the play Andre’s Mother in a shockingl y ordinary manner in order to normalize the subject of homosexuality given the time period in which it was written. Andre’s Mother is a short play portraying the hardships that come with suffering from the death of a loved one.Most people are familiar with the 5 stage process of dealing with a death—denial, anger, bargaining, depression, and acceptance (Axelrod). This process takes place no matter whom it was that died, whether it be a family member, friend, mutual friend, or significant other. Small details such as age, race, or sexual orientation would not affect the progression because it is a universal process. In this short play, Andre, who recently passed, was gay, and Cal, Andre’s lover, must cope with this major loss. McNally chooses to deal with homosexuality in the circumstance of a death because it is a relatable feeling of numbness.Both Arthur and Penny seemingly have very little to do with the play. However, they actually play essential roles in McN ally’s representation of his personal view on homosexuality. Arthur and Penny both come from Cal’s side of the relationship, Arthur being Cal’s father and Penny his sister. Both relatives know about Cal’s relationship and are exceptionally accepting. McNally intentionally puts them into the play for that reason. He shows that regardless of the time period that this play was written in, there are still going to be understanding people. â€Å"In my clumsy way, I'm trying to say how much I liked Andre. And how much he helped me to know my own boy.Cal was  always two hands full but Andre and I could talk about anything under the sun. My wife was very fond of him, too† (McNally 967). This is Arthur voicing his internal thoughts. It adds a lot to the play by showing that Cal’s father not only accepts his son’s relationship, but is also happy for him that he can be happy truly being himself. Penny likewise makes it obvious that she accepts her brother’s relationship when she says, â€Å"God forgive me for wishing you were straight every time I laid eyes on you. But if any man was going to have you, I'm glad it was my brother!† (McNally 968).She is surely expressing her approval of Andre but more importantly, McNally added this line in for a bit of comic relief. Homosexuality is a controversial topic, but by putting this in there, McNally is trying to make light of the issue by making a joke. Andre’s Mother was written in the 1900’s, a time when homosexuality was still a disgrace to many people. The fact that McNally chose to address Andre and Cal’s relationship was a questionable and unpopular thought at first. Especially since he went into such major detail with it, having Cal speak to Andre’s mother about how important Andre was to him.Since this play was intended for a big audience, it confirms that McNally was trying to spread his perspective on homosexuality. Him being g ay, gives him emotional ties to the subject matter that he intends and wishes to extend to the general population of people. Although the play deals with AIDS, a commonly associated disease with gay people, the main theme of the play has nothing to do with AIDS. In fact it has everything to do with the acceptance of a person and the happiness that comes with realizing that the person is not afraid of being who he/she is. Andre’s mother was never give a name throughout the play. McNally purposefully did so to emphasize her feelings toward the death of her son.Andre never told his mother about Cal out of fear that he would not be accepted by her. The end of the play shows that Andre’s mother comes to a realization that being gay doesn’t change anything about a person. This helps McNally’s point that a gay person is still a person, and more importantly, a vulnerable person who doesn’t deserve what they have to go through because they cannot change who they are. Due to the nature of McNally’s past and the manner in which Andre’s Mother was written, it is clear that he is attempting to ignore the wide spread controversy that is associated with the theme of homosexuality. He does this by taking a risk and performing a play that it is not socially acceptable to do so.It shows a lot about McNally’s character because he is not afraid to be different and promote something that could potentially cause him to lose many viewers. And he did an extraordinary job in doing so because he became a very successful playwright and was even praised for his bravery (â€Å"Terrence McNally†). By recognizing McNally’s character choice and the fact that this was written in the late 1900’s when homosexuality was not viewed as acceptable, it is tangible to say that McNally was trying to normalize the subject of homosexuality in his play, Andre’s Mother.

Osteoporosis Is An Age Related Disease Of The Skeletal System

Introduction: Osteoporosis is an age-related disease of the skeletal system characterized by both low bone mass and bone structural degeneration (Nunes, 2011). Understanding osteoporosis is important because it is continues to be overlooked and undertreated, causing high numbers of bone fractures each year –in the elderly, these bone fractures can be debilitating or even life threatening (Eastell, 2009). Osteoporosis manifests when an imbalance between bone resorption and bone rebuilding occurs – this is due to changes in osteoclast and osteoblast activity. I chose this topic because osteoporosis affects millions of people, and research will allow me to better understand this common yet complex, and very perilous bone disease. Types: There are two types of osteoporosis, primary and secondary. Primary osteoporosis is more common and has no direct cause. 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